Regulation of vascular tone and arterial blood pressure: role of chloride transport in vascular smooth muscle
CA Hübner, BC Schroeder, H Ehmke - Pflügers Archiv-European Journal …, 2015 - Springer
CA Hübner, BC Schroeder, H Ehmke
Pflügers Archiv-European Journal of Physiology, 2015•SpringerRecent studies suggest that primary changes in vascular resistance can cause sustained
changes in arterial blood pressure. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about
Cl− homeostasis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Within vascular smooth muscle cells, Cl−
is accumulated above the electrochemical equilibrium, causing Cl− efflux, membrane
depolarization, and increased contractile force when Cl− channels are opened. At least two
different transport mechanisms contribute to raise [Cl−] i in vascular smooth muscle cells …
changes in arterial blood pressure. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about
Cl− homeostasis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Within vascular smooth muscle cells, Cl−
is accumulated above the electrochemical equilibrium, causing Cl− efflux, membrane
depolarization, and increased contractile force when Cl− channels are opened. At least two
different transport mechanisms contribute to raise [Cl−] i in vascular smooth muscle cells …
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that primary changes in vascular resistance can cause sustained changes in arterial blood pressure. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about Cl− homeostasis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Within vascular smooth muscle cells, Cl− is accumulated above the electrochemical equilibrium, causing Cl− efflux, membrane depolarization, and increased contractile force when Cl− channels are opened. At least two different transport mechanisms contribute to raise [Cl−] i in vascular smooth muscle cells, anion exchange, and cation-chloride cotransport. Recent work suggests that TMEM16A-associated Ca2+-activated Cl− currents mediate Cl− efflux in vascular smooth muscle cells leading to vasoconstriction. Additional proteins associated with Cl− flux in vascular smooth muscle are bestrophins, which modulate vasomotion, the volume-activated LRRC8, and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Cl− transporters and Cl− channels in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) significantly contribute to the physiological regulation of vascular tone and arterial blood pressure.
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